(Note: In this article is a chart with 50 competencies color coded by Easy to Change, Hard to Change, and In-Between.)
Managers have told us that one of their most recurring frustrations, a daily challenge, is trying to figure out if an employee can improve in one or more competencies – if training or coaching will actually make a difference. Or, if the person is “hard-wired” and simply not capable of changing, even if they are a super coach.
Ditto for hiring. After conducting tandem Topgrading interviews, there is almost always a conversation that goes something like this: “We agree, candidate X has a lot of strengths, but like all candidates, she has some weaker points. She is no better than average in several competencies, such as political savvy, personal organization, and public speaking. Do you suppose that training events and coaching can significantly improve her in these three competencies?”
We Topgraders have what should be a very clean, definitive answer. I’ve interviewed over 6,000 executives, each with an average of 10 jobs, and I heard for each and every job their description of successes, failures, boss appraisals of their competencies and whether those competencies were strengths or weaker points. That’s over 60,000 “case studies” that shed light on whether or not competencies can be improved upon. Multiply that times 40 Topgrading professionals, and we really should know if competencies can be changed and if so, how managers can coach people to change. (The “how” is a future Topgrading Tips.)
For now, let’s make some generalizations. As Topgrading professionals, we’ll share our experience with you, categorizing 50 competencies according to whether those competencies are Easy to Change, Hard to Change, or In-Between.

Are there exceptions? Of course. Integrity, intelligence, and passion are hard-wired, but occasionally someone does “re-wire” their brain. For example I worked with a man who truly authored his own “integrity transplant.” He was fired from a brokerage firm for dishonesty, and prohibited from selling stocks and bonds, ever! He characterized himself as a “slimeball,” and a few years later compared himself, or rather his FORMER self to the wheeler-dealer in the movie Wall Street (‘greed is good’). He was so shattered at how he had disappointed his parents, wife, kids, and friends, that he did in fact transform himself. Ten years later I interviewed him and he insisted that my client call all bosses he’d had since the debacle, for he said, “They will rate me a 10 on a 10-point scale of honesty, and describe my ethics as rock solid.”
Indeed the references were that positive. Flash forward 20 years and the man retired as CEO of a famous company, and his reputation was (and is) stellar.
Another example: I’ve seen many “obviously” C player managers, lacking in resourcefulness, drive, energy, passion, and initiative, “come alive” and perform at the A player level when something crucial happened: the company Topgraded, fired C player bosses and replaced them with A players. In most of those cases the Topgrading Interview showed that the “C players” had been As in the past, and when they again reported to A players who encouraged their ideas and inspired them, they returned to A player status.
But generally don’t expect dramatic improvements in people who are intellectually limited, lazy, dishonest, or uninspiring. Or, to say it more accurately, only bet on people improving competencies when they have a history of improving competencies.
People who, in job after job, overcome weaker points are usually high potential people with accurate self-awareness, self-objectivity, and a high level of ambition and energy. They show a pattern of soliciting feedback, welcoming coaching, and actually turning weaker points into strong points. Aah – these are the A players you want, the high performers who will welcome your coaching and actually improve!
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